Civil Procedure Code

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Published by: Lawphoria

Last updated: November 20, 2025

Browse the articles below — a handpicked collection of legal insights, case studies, and explainers across key topics. Dive in and explore the law, one post at a time.

Sr. No. Topic Name
Introduction & Basic Framework
1 Nature, Object & Scope of CPC
2 Scheme, Structure & Amendments of CPC
3 Definitions under Section 2
4 Decree, Order & Judgment – Meaning & Distinction
Jurisdiction of Civil Courts
5 Types of Jurisdiction – Subject-matter, Territorial, Pecuniary
6 Place of Suing (Sections 15–20)
7 Stay of Suit
8 Res Sub Judice (Section 10)
9 Res Judicata (Section 11)
10 Bar on Jurisdiction of Civil Courts
Institution & Stages of Suit
11 Institution of Suit (Section 26; Order 4)
12 Issue & Service of Summons (Order 5)
13 Service by Post, Email, Electronic Means
14 Written Statement (Order 8) – Requirements & Deadlines
15 Set-off & Counterclaim
Pleadings (Orders 6–8)
16 Meaning, Purpose & Rules of Pleadings
17 Material Facts vs Evidence
18 Amendment of Pleadings
19 Return & Rejection of Plaint (Order 7 Rule 10–11)
Parties to Suit
20 Necessary & Proper Parties
21 Joinder, Misjoinder & Non-joinder
22 Representative Suits (Order 1 Rule 8)
23 Interpleader Suits
Appearance, Non-Appearance & First Hearing
24 Appearance of Parties
25 Ex-parte Proceedings
26 Setting Aside Ex-parte Decree
27 First Hearing of Suit
Discovery, Inspection & Production of Documents
28 Discovery by Interrogatories
29 Discovery of Documents
30 Inspection & Admission of Documents
31 Discovery by Electronic Means
Framing of Issues & Trial Process
32 Framing of Issues
33 Types of Issues
34 Burden of Proof in Civil Proceedings
35 Summoning & Attendance of Witnesses
36 Examination of Witnesses
37 Affidavit Evidence (Order 18)
38 Adjournments – Rules & Limits
Temporary & Permanent Injunctions
39 Temporary Injunctions (Order 39)
40 Status quo Orders
41 Attachment Before Judgment
42 Receiver (Order 40)
Special Proceedings
43 Summary Suits (Order 37)
44 Suits by or against Government
45 Suits involving Minors & Persons of Unsound Mind
46 Indigent Suits (Order 33)
47 Interlocutory Applications
Judgment & Decree
48 Essentials of Judgment
49 Types of Decrees
50 Decree for Payment, Possession, Specific Performance
51 Correction & Amendment of Judgment / Decree
52 Restitution (Section 144)
Appeals (Sections 96–110)
53 First Appeal
54 Second Appeal
55 Appeal from Orders
56 Appeal to Supreme Court (Civil)
57 Limitation in Appeals
Reference, Review & Revision
58 Reference to High Court
59 Review of Judgment (Order 47)
60 Revision (Section 115)
Execution of Decrees (Sections 36–74)
61 Courts Competent to Execute
62 Modes of Execution
63 Arrest & Detention
64 Attachment & Sale of Property
65 Execution of Foreign Decrees
66 Resistance to Execution
Alternative Dispute Resolution under CPC
67 Section 89 – Settlement of Disputes Outside Court
68 Mediation, Arbitration & Lok Adalat Reference
Costs & Miscellaneous
69 Costs & Compensation
70 Inherent Powers of Court (Section 151)
71 Caveat (Section 148A)
72 Transfer of Cases (Section 24–25)

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